Cough Reflex Test (CRT) Practice Exam 2025 - Free CRT Practice Questions and Study Guide

In a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the body experiences a state of metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of ketones and other acids as a result of insulin deficiency and elevated glucose levels. To compensate for this acidosis, the respiratory system responds by increasing the rate and depth of breathing in a process known as Kussmaul breathing.

The deep and fast breathing pattern is the body's attempt to increase the exhalation of carbon dioxide, which helps to raise the blood pH back towards normal by reducing acidity. The hyperventilation reflects the body’s efforts to correct the underlying acid-base imbalance, emphasizing the importance of respiratory compensation in managing metabolic acidosis.

This physiological response is crucial in providing temporary relief from the acidosis until other interventions, such as fluid replacement and insulin administration, can take effect to address the underlying issues. In this context, deep and fast breathing is a characteristic sign observed in patients with DKA.